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Viterbi Research on the NAE Grand Challenges  


Tackling Engineering's 'Grand Challenges'

Viterbi researchers take up call from the National Academy of Engineering

The National Academy of Engineering (NAE) has announced 14 Grand Challenges that must be addressed in the early years of the 21st century if we are to safeguard our natural resources, promote quality of life worldwide and build a more secure and sustainable future for an ever-growing global population.

The Viterbi School has welcomed NAE’s call to action, and in fact is already involved with many ongoing research initiatives (listed below) that nearly match one-for-one all of NAE’s challenges. These major initiatives are in the areas of:

Health Energy and Environment Security Megacities Personalized Learning Tools of Discovery

Health

Advance Health Informatics: Stronger health information systems not only improve everyday medical visits, but they are essential to counter pandemics and biological or chemical attacks.

Engineer Better Medicines: Engineers are developing new systems that use genetic information, sense small changes in the body, assess new drugs, and deliver vaccines.

Reverse-Engineer the Brain: The intersection of engineering and neuroscience promises great advances in health care, manufacturing, and communication.

•    Biomimetic MicroElectronic Systems (BMES) Engineering Research Center: Developing biomimetic devices and prostheses; reverse-engineering parts of the brain (Mark Humayun, Gerald Loeb, Theodore Berger, Ellis Meng).

•    Biomedical Simulations Resource (BMSR): Using computational engineering tools to solve biomedical phenomena (David D’Argenio, Vasilis Marmarelis).

•    Center for Genomic and Phenomic Studies in Autism: Survey and build world’s largest database of genetic, physical and behavioral profiles of children with autism (Clara Lajonchere, Constantinos Sioutas).

•    Resource Center for Medical Ultrasonic Transducer Technology: Developing new UV imaging technologies for disease detection and treatment (K. Kirk Shung).

•    Center for Health Informatics (CHI): Creating a global computing platform for the exchange of health information (Carl Kesselman, Stephan Erberich).

•    Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN): Facilitating biomedical data-sharing (Carl Kesselman).



 

Energy and the Environment

Make Solar Energy Economical: Solar energy provides less than 1% of the world's total energy, but it has the potential to provide much, much more.

Develop Carbon Sequestration Methods: Engineers are working on ways to capture and store excess carbon dioxide to prevent global warming.
 
•    CiSoft (Center for Smart Oilfield Technologies): Using information technologies to improve oil production and discovery (Iraj Ershaghi).

•    Solar power: Applications of nanoscience to solar and lighting (P. Daniel Dapkus, Chongwu Zhou).

•    Developing CO2 sequestration techniques (Dongxiao “Don” Zhang and Kristian Jessen).

•    Combustion, fuel cell technology, alternative fuels, nanopulse power for efficient combustion (Fokion Egolfopoulos, Martin Gundersen).



 

Security

Prevent Nuclear Terror: The need for technologies to prevent and respond to a nuclear attack is growing.

Secure Cyberspace: It’s more than preventing identity theft. Critical systems in banking, national security, and physical infrastructure may be at risk.

•    USC Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events (CREATE): Studies of nuclear, chemical, biological threats to major urban centers, airports and harbors (Isaac Maya).

•    Information Sciences Institute’s DETER (Defense Technology Experimental Research) program: Developing systems to prevent cyber attacks and develop countermeasures (Clifford Neuman, John Wroclawski, Jelena Mirkovic, Terry Benzel). 

•    Wireless network research (John Heidemann, Bhaskar Krishnamachari, Konstantinos Psounis, Michael Neely, Urbashi Mitra, Wei Ye, Robert Scholtz).

•    Computer architecture, computer engineering, coding and networking (Clifford Neuman, Yigal Arens, John Wroclawski, Bob Braden, Craig Knoblock, Ted Faber, Jelena Mirkovic).

•    Center for Computer System Security: Overseeing programs to build new computer security systems and virus detection software (Clifford Neuman).



 
 

Megacities


Restore and Improve Urban Infrastructure
Good design and advanced materials can improve transportation and energy, water, and waste systems, and also create more sustainable urban environments.

•    Southern California Particle Center (operated jointly with UCLA): A leading center in the nation for the study of airborne particulate pollution (Constantinos Sioutas).

•    METRANS National Transportation Center: Supports research, education and outreach to solve metropolitan transportation problems (James E. Moore, Petros Ioannou).

•    Megacities Initiative: Advance geospatial information technologies, structural improvements, natural disaster mitigation, construction management and green technologies (Jean-Pierre Bardet, Roger Ghanem).
 
•    Water resources and movement of underground water (Dongxiao “Don” Zhang). 


 

Personalized Learning

Advance Personalized Learning: Instruction can be individualized based on learning styles, speeds, and interests to make learning more reliable.

Enhance Virtual Reality: True virtual reality creates the illusion of actually being in a difference space. It can be used for training, treatment, and communication.

•    USC Integrated Media Systems Center (IMSC): Developing immersive visualization technologies for geospatial decision-making (James Baker, Ulrich Newmann, Cyrus Shahabi).

•    USC GamePipe Laboratory: Supporting serious games research and development (Michael Zyda).

•    Developing Web-based education systems, multimedia, intelligent tutoring systems and interactive digital media (Shrikanth Naryanan).

•    Personalized game-based learning research (Victor Lacour, Dennis McLeod, Margaret McLaughlin).

•    Technology-assisted learning for children and adults with special needs (Maja J. Mataric, Shirkanth Narayanan).

•    Improving K-12 tools and outcomes (Dan Davis, Robert Lucas, Maja J. Mataric, Gigi Ragusa).



 

Engineer the Tools of Scientific Discovery

In the century ahead, engineers will continue to be partners with scientists in the great quest for understanding many unanswered questions of nature.

•    Interactive Knowledge Capture team (Yoland Gil) is building "knowledge acquisition tools" that will be easily usable by scientists who are not computer science experts.

•    ISI’s Pegasus Project (Ewa Deelman) automates discovery steps, "compiling not just software and data, but expertise." Deelman and Jose-Luis Ambite are applying these tools to DNA database exploration. 

•    Distributed networks of sensors and robots for aquatic, forest and other environmental monitoring and charactarization (Gaurav Sukhatme, John Heidermann).

 

 


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